Protecting America’s Agricultural Land from Foreign Harm Act of 2025

Key Points

• The bill bans people or entities linked to the governments of China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea from buying or leasing farmland in the U.S., covering both private land and federally owned agricultural land.
• People who already own or lease covered land don't have to sell, but they would lose access to most USDA programs, aside from food safety and worker health programs.
• The bill expands foreign ownership reporting to include leases of any length and financial security interests, and raises penalties for violations to between 15 and 30 percent of the land's value.
• USDA must publish a searchable public database showing who owns foreign-linked agricultural land, what they paid, and current land values, updated within 30 days of new reports.
• USDA, the Director of National Intelligence, and the Government Accountability Office must each study and report to Congress on foreign land ownership risks and enforcement gaps within a year of enactment.