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Congress·In Committee·S. 3919

Sen. Budd Introduces the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program Enhancement Act

Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program Enhancement Act

Legislative Progress

Senate
House
President
Law

Key Points

  • This bill updates the national hurricane forecasting program to focus on predicting rapid intensity changes — when storms suddenly get much stronger — and improving projected storm paths using new probabilistic methods for hazard mapping.

    From policy text

    Improving the understanding, prediction, and communication of rapid intensity change and projected path of hurricanes, including probabilistic methods for hurricane hazard mapping.
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  • The bill requires better forecasting and communication of inland flooding, compound flooding, and storm surges so communities far from the coast also get clear, specific warnings about water dangers from hurricanes.

    From policy text

    Improving the forecast and impact-based communication of inland flooding, compound flooding, and storm surges from hurricanes.
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  • It brings social and behavioral science into hurricane preparedness — studying how people react to warnings and why some ignore evacuation orders — to improve how danger is communicated and save more lives.

    From policy text

    Incorporating social, behavioral, risk, communication, and economic sciences to clearly inform response to prevent the loss of life or property.
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  • New observation technologies like drones, novel sensors, and instruments on commercial aircraft and satellites would be evaluated and incorporated into hurricane tracking to gather better data.

    From policy text

    Evaluating and incorporating, as appropriate, innovative observations, including acoustic or infrasonic measurements, novel sensor technologies, observation tools or networks, crewed or uncrewed systems, and hosted instruments on commercial aircrafts, vessels, and satellites.
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  • Annual reports to Congress are required through 2029 detailing any missed hurricane-tracking missions, including reasons like broken equipment, pilot shortages, or aircraft maintenance issues, plus a workforce plan to fix staffing gaps.

    From policy text

    The number and causes of missed mission requirements for the National Hurricane Operations Plan and the National Winter Season Operations Plan, including those related to equipment malfunction, aircraft availability, aircraft maintenance, flight hour limits, and availability of pilots or other air and maintenance crew members.
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  • The program would expand cloud computing resources to run higher-resolution hurricane models, and research would explore how hurricanes interact with tornadoes and how wind and water hazards damage buildings and the natural environment.

    From policy text

    expand computational resources, including cloud computing, to support and improve higher resolution operational modeling of hurricanes and related weather phenomena.
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Impact Analysis

Personal Impact

Scores: 1 = low, 5 = highSentiment: -5 to +5 (net benefit)

State Impacts

Scores: 1 = low, 5 = highSentiment: -5 to +5 (net benefit)

Milestones

2 milestones2 actions
Feb 25, 2026Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Feb 25, 2026

Introduced in Senate

What Happens Next

Projected impacts based on AI analysis

June 1 of the first full year after enactment

First annual report to Congress due by June 1, detailing missed hurricane-tracking missions and workforce shortfalls

Congress would get a clear picture of problems like broken aircraft, pilot shortages, and missions that forecasters requested but never happened — creating accountability for keeping hurricane tracking on track.

Source Information

Document Type

Congressional Bill

Official Title

Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program Enhancement Act

Bill NumberS 3919
Congress119th Congress
ChamberSenate
Latest ActionRead twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

Sponsor

Analysis generated by AI. Always verify with official sources.