Protecting the USMCA from Harmful Chinese Investment Act

Key Points

• The bill directs the U.S. Trade Representative to push Canada and Mexico to adopt investment screening rules similar to the U.S. CFIUS system during the next scheduled USMCA joint review.
• Lawmakers cite concerns that nonmarket economy countries, including China, could exploit weaker investment rules in Mexico or Canada to gain a foothold in North American supply chains or critical infrastructure.
• The U.S. would offer technical assistance, including expert advisers, training, and grants, to help Mexico and Canada build these investment review systems.
• The bill highlights that Canada and Mexico are the United States' two largest trading partners, with about $1 trillion in trade each in 2024, underscoring the economic stakes of the USMCA relationship.
• This is a sense-of-Congress and negotiating-objective bill, meaning it directs U.S. trade policy positions rather than creating new enforceable laws or programs for the public.