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Congress·In Committee·12 months ago

Senate Bill Would Have U.S. Buy 1 Million Bitcoin for Strategic Reserve Over 5 Years

Also known as: BITCOIN Act of 2025

Legislative Progress

✓ Filed
Review
Senate
House
President

Impacts

Mixed Impacts(2)
Criminal Record
Neutral
Cryptocurrency Investor
Neutral

Key Points

  • Treasury would create secure, spread-out storage sites across the U.S. to hold the federal government’s Bitcoin offline.
  • Treasury would buy 200,000 Bitcoin each year for 5 years (1,000,000 total), with rules to avoid disrupting the market.
  • The bill would generally lock up any Bitcoin in the reserve for at least 20 years, blocking sales or swaps during that time.
  • Federal agencies that end up with Bitcoin (like from seizures) would have to stop selling it and transfer it into the reserve.
  • The plan would use certain Federal Reserve resources and updated gold-certificate values to help cover costs, and Treasury would publish public reports proving the reserve exists.
CryptocurrencyEconomyNational SecurityData Privacy

Milestones

2 milestones2 actions
Mar 11, 2025Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Mar 11, 2025

Introduced in Senate

What Happens Next

Projected impacts based on AI analysis

Starting the day the bill becomes law

Federal agencies stop selling Bitcoin they control and start preparing transfers to Treasury after final legal title

Government-held Bitcoin that used to be auctioned for cash would instead be moved into the new reserve and held long-term

Soon after enactment; timing depends on how fast Treasury can stand up facilities

Treasury sets up the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve (secure, geographically spread storage sites)

Creates the physical and security system for holding government Bitcoin without keeping it online

After program rules and purchasing processes are set

Treasury begins the Bitcoin Purchase Program (up to 200,000 BTC per year)

Regular government buying could affect Bitcoin markets; the government begins building a large long-term reserve

Within 180 days after enactment

Federal Reserve Banks tender gold certificates to Treasury

Starts the process meant to generate funding (cash remittances) tied to revaluing gold certificates

Within 90 days after the last gold certificate is tendered, then remitted within 90 more days

Treasury issues new gold certificates at fair market value and receives remittances of the value difference

Creates a pool of funds that the bill prioritizes for Bitcoin purchases; any extra is directed to reduce public debt

After Treasury builds the reporting and audit process

Treasury launches a public Proof of Reserve reporting system with quarterly postings and third-party verification

People can see publicly reported holdings and proof Treasury controls the keys, which is meant to reduce hidden dealing or missing coins

No later than 1 year after enactment

Treasury publishes the first annual public report on the Bitcoin Purchase Program

Adds a yearly plain record of how much was bought/held and how funds were used

Applies to each batch of Bitcoin for 20 years from its acquisition date

Minimum holding period locks up reserve Bitcoin

Treasury cannot sell, swap, or pledge the Bitcoin for at least 20 years, limiting near-term use of it to raise cash

Two years before the 20-year holding period ends for the earliest purchases

Treasury sends Congress recommendations about whether to start controlled sales to reduce national debt

Begins planning for possible future debt-reduction sales, with a suggested cap of 10% of reserve assets in any 2-year period

Related News

2 articles
Nasdaq·12 months ago

US Senator And Congressman Introduce Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Bills To Buy One Million BTC

Senator Cynthia Lummis and Rep. Nick Begich introduced the BITCOIN Act of 2025, which directs the U.S. to purchase 200,000 bitcoin per year until it reaches 1,000,000 BTC. The assets would be held for a minimum of 20 years in secure cold storage to enhance national financial security.

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The Block·2 months ago

Crypto's 12 biggest stories of 2025: From Trump's policies to bitcoin all-time highs

A year-end review notes that Senator Cynthia Lummis reintroduced her bill to create a strategic bitcoin reserve shortly after Trump's executive order. The plan to acquire one million bitcoin over five years is described as 'meandering around Congress' as of late 2025.

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Source Information

Document Type

Congressional Bill

Official Title

BITCOIN Act of 2025

Bill NumberS 954
Congress119th Congress
ChamberSenate
Latest ActionRead twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Sponsor

Cosponsors

(5)
R: 5

Analysis generated by AI. While we strive for accuracy, this should not be considered legal or professional advice. Always verify information with official government sources.