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Congress·In Committee·S. 953

Northeastern Arizona Indian Water Rights Settlement Act of 2025

Congress Proposes $5 Billion Settlement to Provide Drinking Water for Three Arizona Tribes

Legislative Progress

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House
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Key Points

  • This bill settles long-standing legal battles over who owns the water in Northeastern Arizona. It officially gives the Navajo Nation, the Hopi Tribe, and the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe legal rights to specific amounts of water from the Colorado River and local groundwater.

    From policy text

    The purposes of this Act are-- (1) to achieve a fair, equitable, and final settlement of all claims to rights to water in the State for-- (A) the Navajo Nation and Navajo Allottees; (B) the Hopi Tribe and Hopi Allottees; (C) the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe; and (D) the United States, acting as trustee for the Navajo Nation, the Hopi Tribe, the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe, Navajo Allottees, and Hopi Allottees;
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  • The government will spend $1.7 billion to build a massive new pipeline to bring clean, drinkable water from Lake Powell to tribal communities. This project will provide a reliable water source for homes and businesses that have struggled with water access for decades.

    From policy text

    Out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Secretary $1,715,000,000 for deposit in the iina ba - paa tuwaqat'si pipeline Implementation Fund Account, to carry out the planning, engineering, design, environmental compliance, and construction of the iina ba - paa tuwaqat'si pipeline, to remain available until expended, withdrawn, or reverted to the general fund of the Treasury.
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  • Beyond the pipeline, the bill sets aside $3.4 billion in trust funds for the three tribes. This money is intended for local water projects, fixing old infrastructure, protecting farm and grazing land, and building renewable energy facilities to help power their water systems.

    From policy text

    Out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Secretary $3,421,400,000, for deposit in the Navajo Nation Water Settlement Trust Fund, the Hopi Tribe Water Settlement Trust Fund, and the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe Water Settlement Trust Fund, in accordance with paragraph (3), to remain available until expended, withdrawn, or reverted to the general fund of the Treasury.
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  • The bill officially creates a 5,400-acre reservation for the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe. This gives the tribe their own recognized homeland and exclusive jurisdiction over their land, which was previously part of the Navajo Reservation.

    From policy text

    The term ``San Juan Southern Paiute Reservation'' means the approximately 5,400 acres of land-- (A) located in the State and the State of Utah; and (B) consisting of the San Juan Southern Paiute Northern Area and the San Juan Southern Paiute Southern Area, as depicted in the maps attached as Exhibits 3.1.146 and 3.1.147 to the Settlement Agreement.
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  • In exchange for the $5.1 billion in total funding and guaranteed water rights, the tribes agree to drop their current and future lawsuits against the state of Arizona and the federal government regarding water. This provides long-term legal certainty for all water users in the region.

    From policy text

    execute a waiver and release of all claims against the State (or any agency or political subdivision of the State), the Hopi Tribe, the Hopi Allottees, the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe, and any other individual, entity, corporation, or municipal corporation under Federal, State, or other law for all of the following: (A) Past, present, and future claims for Water Rights, including rights to Colorado River Water, for Navajo Land, arising from time immemorial and, thereafter, forever.
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Energy EnvironmentInfrastructure TransportationAgriculture

Impact Analysis

Personal Impact

Scores: 1 = low, 5 = highSentiment: -5 to +5 (net benefit)

State Impacts

Scores: 1 = low, 5 = highSentiment: -5 to +5 (net benefit)

Milestones

2 milestones3 actions
Mar 11, 2026Senate

Committee on Indian Affairs. Hearings held.

Mar 11, 2025Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.

Mar 11, 2025

Introduced in Senate

Source Information

Document Type

Congressional Bill

Official Title

Northeastern Arizona Indian Water Rights Settlement Act of 2025

Bill NumberS 953
Congress119th Congress
ChamberSenate
Latest ActionCommittee on Indian Affairs. Hearings held.
Read Full Bill Text

Sponsor

Cosponsors

(1)
D: 1

Analysis generated by AI. Always verify with official sources.