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Congress·In Committee·S. 455

Congress proposes limits on immigration enforcement within 1,000 feet of schools, hospitals, and courthouses

Protecting Sensitive Locations Act

about 1 year ago·View on Congress.gov
Part of: Congress Proposes Restricting Immigration Enforcement Near Sensitive Locations
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Stalled

No legislative action in over 90 days.

Legislative Progress

Senate
House
President
Law

Key Points

  • Would bar immigration enforcement actions within 1,000 feet of many “sensitive locations,” like schools, hospitals, places of worship, shelters, courthouses, and polling places, unless there’s an emergency safety situation.
  • Tells immigration officers to stop and check with a supervisor if they are not sure an emergency exists, and to act discreetly and spend as little time as possible when near a sensitive location.
  • Creates a big consequence for breaking the rule: information from an illegal action couldn’t be used in immigration removal cases, and the person could ask to end the case.
  • Requires annual training for key immigration enforcement leaders and sets up detailed reporting to oversight offices after any sensitive-location action, plus yearly public-style reports to Congress.
  • Would take effect 90 days after the law is enacted, and requires the Homeland Security Department to write rules within 90 days to carry it out.
ImmigrationCivil RightsCriminal Justice

Impact Analysis

Personal Impact

How this policy affects specific groups of people

Mixed Impacts(1)
Federal Employee
Neutral
Positive Impacts(16)
Immigrant
Helps
Undocumented
Helps
Green Card
Helps
Visa Holder
Helps
Child Tax Credit
Helps
Student
Helps
Chronic Illness
Helps
Pregnant
Helps
Mental Health
Helps
Disability Benefits
Helps
Snap Food Stamps
Helps
Unemployment Benefits
Helps
Medicaid
Helps
Housing Assistance
Helps
Renter
Helps
Social Security
Helps

Milestones

2 milestones2 actions
Feb 6, 2025Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Feb 6, 2025

Introduced in Senate

What Happens Next

Projected impacts based on AI analysis

Within 90 days after the Act is enacted

DHS writes and issues new rules defining key roles (like who counts as a supervisor for non-federal partners) and how sensitive-location limits will work in practice.

Clearer day-to-day rules for officers and for places like schools and hospitals about what should happen if immigration enforcement shows up nearby.

90 days after the Act is enacted

Sensitive-location protections become enforceable nationwide (1,000-foot buffer; emergency-only exception; stop-and-check requirement when unsure).

People could expect fewer immigration arrests, questioning, or surveillance near listed locations, unless there is an immediate safety threat or rare high-risk operation.

Starting within the first year after enactment, then yearly

ICE/CBP leadership ensures annual training on sensitive-location rules for covered personnel.

Frontline officers get repeat training; over time, this can reduce mistaken actions near schools, clinics, and shelters (and reduce community fear).

Ongoing: within 30 days after each covered action

After any sensitive-location enforcement action, DHS sends a detailed report to the DHS Inspector General and DHS civil rights office within 30 days.

Creates a paper trail and makes it easier to investigate complaints; may discourage unnecessary actions near sensitive locations.

Annually after the first full fiscal year following enactment

ICE and CBP send yearly public-accountability reports to Congress summarizing sensitive-location actions, arrests, and collateral arrests.

Congress and watchdogs can track how often enforcement happens near sensitive places and whether the rules are being followed.

Annually after enactment

The DHS Inspector General produces yearly summaries of complaints about sensitive-location enforcement actions.

People and community groups may have a clearer path to raise concerns and see patterns, which can push agencies to fix repeat problems.

Source Information

Document Type

Congressional Bill

Official Title

Protecting Sensitive Locations Act

Bill NumberS 455
Congress119th Congress
ChamberSenate
Latest ActionRead twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Sponsor

Cosponsors

(28)
D: 27I: 1

Analysis generated by AI. Always verify with official sources.