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Congress·In Committee·S. 3959

Sen. Durbin and Sen. Lee Push Bipartisan Bill to Cut Mandatory Minimum Drug Sentences

Smarter Sentencing Act of 2026

Legislative Progress

Senate
House
President
Law

Key Points

  • The bill cuts mandatory minimum prison sentences for federal drug crimes. Offenses that currently carry a 10-year minimum would drop to 5 years, and 5-year minimums would drop to 2 years. Prior-offense enhancements are also reduced.

    From policy text

    by striking ``10 years or more'' and inserting ``5 years or more''; and (ii) by striking ``15 years'' and inserting ``10 years''
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  • The bill creates a new legal category called a "courier" — someone whose only role was transporting or storing drugs or money. Couriers get lower mandatory minimums than higher-level traffickers, even for import/export offenses.

    From policy text

    The term `courier' means a defendant whose role in the offense was limited to transporting or storing drugs or money.
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  • People already in prison for these drug offenses can ask a judge to reduce their sentence under the new, lower minimums. Judges would weigh public safety and the person's history before deciding.

    From policy text

    In the case of a defendant who, before the date of enactment of this Act, was convicted or sentenced for a covered offense, the sentencing court may, on motion of the defendant, the Bureau of Prisons, the attorney for the Government, or on its own motion, impose a reduced sentence after considering the factors set forth in section 3553(a) of title 18, United States Code.
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  • The Sentencing Commission must update its guidelines within 120 days to match the new law, and must consider reducing racial disparities in federal sentencing as part of the process.

    From policy text

    the need to reduce and prevent racial disparities in Federal sentencing
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  • The Attorney General must report on cost savings from shorter sentences and how that money will be used for law enforcement, crime prevention, and reducing recidivism.

    From policy text

    the Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report outlining how the reduced expenditures on Federal corrections and the cost savings resulting from this Act will be used to help reduce overcrowding in the Federal Bureau of Prisons, help increase proper investment in law enforcement and crime prevention, and help reduce criminal recidivism
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  • Every federal agency must catalog all criminal offenses it enforces — including penalties, prosecution history, and mental-state requirements — and publish a free, public index online within two years.

    From policy text

    the Attorney General shall establish a publicly accessible index of each criminal statutory offense listed in the report required under subsection (b) and make the index available and freely accessible on the website of the Department of Justice
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Criminal Justice

Impact Analysis

Personal Impact

Scores: 1 = low, 5 = highSentiment: -5 to +5 (net benefit)

Milestones

3 milestones3 actions
Mar 2, 2026Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Mar 2, 2026

Introduced in Senate

Mar 2, 2026Senate

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR S733-734)

What Happens Next

Projected impacts based on AI analysis

120 days after enactment

Sentencing Commission updates federal sentencing guidelines to match the new lower minimums

Within 4 months of enactment, judges would have updated guidance for sentencing drug offenders, and people already in prison could begin petitioning for reduced sentences

6 months after enactment

Attorney General reports on cost savings and reinvestment plan

Congress and the public learn how much money is saved from shorter sentences and where it will be redirected — law enforcement, crime prevention, or anti-recidivism programs

2 years after enactment

Public index of all federal criminal offenses goes live online

For the first time, anyone can look up every federal crime, its penalty, how often it's been prosecuted, and what mental state is required — all in one free, searchable place

Source Information

Document Type

Congressional Bill

Official Title

Smarter Sentencing Act of 2026

Bill NumberS 3959
Congress119th Congress
ChamberSenate
Latest ActionRead twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text: CR S733-734)

Sponsor

Cosponsors

(10)
D: 6R: 2I: 2

Analysis generated by AI. Always verify with official sources.