MAPS Act

Key Points

• The bill requires the government to create and maintain a list of essential medicines that are critical for emergency response, chronic illness treatment, and military readiness. This list must be updated at least every two years and published after each update.
• Federal agencies must use data analytics to map pharmaceutical supply chains from raw materials through finished products and distribution, identifying vulnerabilities that threaten national security or could cause drug shortages at pharmacies.
• The bill zeroes in on medicines that depend on foreign countries — especially China — for production. It requires a risk assessment of drugs where more than 50% of production comes from foreign entities of concern, and the Defense Department must report every six months on any drugs it buys that are sourced from or made in China.
• The Department of Defense must file biannual reports listing all drugs it purchased that contain ingredients sourced from China or were manufactured there, creating ongoing transparency about military reliance on Chinese pharmaceutical production.
• The bill includes strong protections for confidential business information shared between agencies during supply chain mapping, and requires robust cybersecurity measures to prevent unauthorized access to the sensitive data collected.