Congress·Reported·H.R. 2184

Firearm Due Process Protection Act

Firearm Background Checks: Speeding Up Record Corrections

Firearm Due Process Protection Act of 2025

Oct 3, 2025·View on Congress.gov·Read full text

This bill is one vehicle in a longer effort. See the full story across every version.View effort →

Next up: The HouseNo action in 9 months

The Firearm Due Process Protection Act of 2025 has been reported by the House Judiciary Committee and is now waiting for a vote by the full House of Representatives. No action has been taken on this bill since October 2025, which means it has been stalled for about nine months. Because floor time is limited, it is unclear if or when the House leadership will schedule a vote.

Legislative Progress

House

Senate

President

Law

Could go either way

The bill has strong support from House leadership and has cleared the committee stage. However, it may struggle to get enough votes in the Senate where gun-related legislation often faces more opposition.

How we got here

This bill’s path across every version that has carried it.

Reintroduced
Reintroduced from H.R. 7873 (118th), which died when its Congress ended.
H.R. 7873 (118th) →

Key Points

This bill aims to fix delays when people try to correct mistakes in the national gun background check system. Currently, if someone is wrongly flagged as unable to buy a gun, they can ask for a correction, but the process can take a long time without a clear end date.
Under this plan, the FBI would have exactly 60 days to finish its review of a record correction request. If the agency misses this deadline or fails to fix a mistake, the person can take the matter to court to get it resolved quickly.
If a case goes to court, a judge must hold a hearing within 30 days. At that hearing, the government would have the burden of proving that the person is actually disqualified from owning a gun, rather than the person having to prove they are allowed to have one.
If a person wins their case or if the government fixes the record only after being sued, the government would have to pay for the person's lawyer fees and legal costs. This is meant to discourage the agency from ignoring valid requests or dragging its feet.
The FBI would also be required to send a report to Congress every year. This report would show how many people challenged their records, how many won their appeals, and how long the average fix took to complete.

Impact Analysis

Govbase has not yet run an impact analysis on this legislation.

Milestones

3 milestones6 actions

Oct 3, 2025House

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 290.

The bill is now on the schedule for the full chamber to consider. It's in line for debate and a vote.

Oct 3, 2025House

Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-338.

Mar 25, 2025House

Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.

The committee approved this bill and is sending it to the full chamber for a vote. This is a significant step — most bills never get this far.

Mar 25, 2025House

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

Mar 18, 2025House

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Related News

4 articles

RedState·Mar 26, 2025

Two Bills in Congress Could Be Huge Wins for the Second Amendment

H.R. 2184, the Firearm Due Process Protection Act, aims to enhance the rights of people wanting to purchase a firearm who may be denied as the result of errors in the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). It requires federal officials to make a determination within 60 days.

Right

Guns.com·May 2, 2016

Bill would force feds to correct NICS record in 60 days

Rep. Tom Emmer introduced the Firearm Due Process Protection Act to ensure that an appeal to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System is issued a determination within 60 days. The bill allows for court action if the government fails to act, placing the burden of proof on officials.

Center Right

Law Offices of Barton Morris·Mar 28, 2025

Action Packed Week for Second Amendment Rights: What Michigan Gun Owners Need to Know

The Firearm Due Process Protection Act has been reintroduced by Congressman Tom Emmer. This legislation addresses concerns about individuals who are wrongfully denied the ability to purchase firearms due to administrative errors in the NICS, seeking to provide a clear and timely appeals process.

Center

No votes or related bills recorded for this bill yet.