Women's Retirement Protection Act
Congress Proposes New Rules Requiring Spousal Consent for 401(k) Withdrawals to Protect Women's Retirement
Stalled
No legislative action in over 90 days.
Legislative Progress
Key Points
- Congress is considering a bill to make sure spouses have a say in how retirement money is spent. Currently, many retirement plans like 401(k)s allow one person to take out money without telling their spouse. This bill would require written, notarized consent from a spouse before most large withdrawals or loans can be made.
- The plan aims to help women, who often have less retirement savings than men due to lower pay and time taken off for caregiving. Statistics show that women over 80 are more likely to live in poverty than men. By requiring both spouses to agree on withdrawals, the bill tries to ensure that shared household savings aren't emptied by one person.
- There are some exceptions to the consent rule. Spouses wouldn't need to sign off on very small withdrawals (less than 25% of the account) or if half of the money is moved directly into the spouse’s own retirement account. It also wouldn't apply if a spouse cannot be located or if the couple has been married for less than a year.
- The bill would provide $200 million in yearly grants. Half of this money would go toward teaching women about financial planning. The other half would help low-income women and survivors of domestic violence get their fair share of retirement assets during a divorce, which can often be expensive and complicated to handle.
- If passed, these rules would generally start about one year later. Financial companies would also be required to provide clear links to government websites that offer free tools and advice on how to plan for a stable retirement.
Impact Analysis
Personal Impact
Life & Work
Small business owners who sponsor defined contribution retirement plans would need to update their plan documents and administrative processes to comply with the new spousal consent rules. This means added compliance costs and administrative burden, though the changes protect employees' spouses. Plans would have up to 3 years to formally amend their documents.
Programs
Milestones
Referred to the Committee on Education and Workforce, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Sent to a congressional committee for expert review. The committee decides whether this bill moves forward.
Introduced in House
The bill was officially filed and given a number. It now enters the legislative queue.
Votes
No votes have been recorded for this legislation yet.
Related News
2 articles
Both spouses must consent to 401(k) withdrawals, says new legislation introduced in House, Senate
The Women's Retirement Protection Act (WPRA) of 2025 would require the consent of both partners to take out a 401(k) loan or distribution. Currently, one spouse can withdraw funds without the other's knowledge, a gap the bill seeks to close to improve women's long-term financial security.

Lawmakers Push Spousal Protection Legislation in 401(k) Plans
Rep. Lauren Underwood and Sens. Tammy Baldwin and Patty Murray reintroduced the Women's Retirement Protection Act. The legislation would establish spousal protections for defined contribution plans, preventing one spouse from unilaterally withdrawing shared retirement assets.
Source Information
Document Type
Congressional Bill
Official Title
Women's Retirement Protection Act
Data Sources
Sponsor
Cosponsors
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